Incubator.



L. W. BVERHART.

INGUBATOB..

APPLIGATNN FILED JULY 1o, 1911.

@l f IN1/MIUR L. W. BVERHART.

INGUBATOR.

APPLICATION HLED JULY 10, 1911A 1,058,852. Patent-,ed Ap1f.15,1913Y 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Win15.

l ENTUR W! TIVESSES:

LOGAN W. EVERHART, F FORT SCOTT, KANSAS.

JINCUBATOR.

matassa.

specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 15, 1913..

Application filed `1u1y10, 1911. Serial No. 637,722.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that ll, LOGAN 4W. EVERHART,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Fort Scott, in the county of Bourbon and 5 State of Kansas, have invented a new and Improved Incubator, of which the following is a specication.

The 'object of my invention is to provide an improved construction of incubator in which special provision is made for maintaining an even and uniform temperature in the incubating chamber regardless of the capacity of the said chamber and in which the heating and Ventilating elements are so arranged and combined that the control of the apparat-us, to suit the varying conditions thereof is automatically and positively effected and without the necessity of the careful attendance of an operator.

Another object of my invention is to provide an incubating apparatus having the parts especially designed and cooperatively connected whereby the construction thereof is simple and inexpensive and yet o-f sufiicient durability and strength to stand the ordinary handlingand use of the apparatus withoutdanger of a disorganization or breaking of the said parts,

Again, my invention has for its object to provide an improved incubating apparatus in which is included a new and improved arrangement of the incubating chamber, the vegg tray and a nursery drawer for taking care of the chicks as they hatch and with other objects in view that will hereinafter appear, my invention comprises 4an incubator that embodies the peculiar and novel combination and detailed arrangement of parts, all of which willl be first described and claimed and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1, is a vertical longitudinal section of my improved construction of incubator, the parts being shown at an operative 45 position. Fig.. 2, is a perspective view of the same, parts being shown -in section, and

in the position for cutting ofi' the hotl air to the heating chamber. Fig. 3, is a horizontal sectionof one end of the same on the line a@ 3-3 on Fig. 1. Fig. 4, is a transverse section thereof on the line 4 4 on Fig. 2, the door being closed.

In the general construction the incubator body, the casing a, is of'the conventional 55 elongated form mounted on strong le s, b-b, the top board a being solid and t e bottom board Z provided with vents 28 hereinafter again referred to.

c-c designate the outer end walls, f, f the inner end walls and g and h the inner and outer side walls they being so positioned that the usuall air space 14 surrounds they 4clearly shown in Fig. 3, by reference to which and to Fig. 1, it will be noticed the said space 14 is divided by a horizontal strip 17 that is sodisposed, relatively to the hot air intake for the space 14 so as Vto confine the hot air to the upper part of the said space 14. l

1 'designates the regulatingy lever mounted on top of the casing in a bracket 24 to swin vertically and the said lever extendsful length of the casing, each of its ends having a flexible hanger each ofl which in turn supports a damper or cut 0H' valve 5, 5 one Vof which cooperates with the waste heat outlet 21 and the other-,with the main or blow 'ofi' oi'1tlet22frornV the main heating chamber 10.

2 designatesa thermostat that'islocatedy in the incubator chamber and whichniay be of any approved construction'. The same in the drawings includes a shifting wire or rod that coperates with the thermostat and with an adjusting screw device `4 on the lever 1, as is clearly shown in Fig. 1.

One of the outer end walls has two openings, an upper one`8 and a lower one 12, which openings extend through ay metal face plate. The lower opening 12 communicates with the cold air chamberl and the upperopening communicates with thehotair chamber 9V of the heat generating devices, the construction of which is clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 2,' by reference to which it will be noticed a lamp'19 is mounted on a hinged bracket and has its chimney 18 pro-I jected into the hot airspace 9 of the casing 23 that has the outlet 21 before referred to.A The chimney 18 which `has a lflame sight opening 81 also passes-through a fresh air warming chamber 13 that communicates through the opening 1,2,with an air space 14, it alsohavmg fresh air inlets 20-20 in the bottom plate as shown. p

The inner wall, that lforms the hot air yhaving a chamber, has small apertures 16 through readily pass out through the vent28, before mentioned. The opposite side of the incubator casinghas the usual glass doors 40 and they, in my construction, are hinged suiiiciently low to swing downwardly to permit of the convenient insertion and removal of the egg and nursery trays or drawer. By referring now to Fi 4, it will be noticed the egg trayvis a wi th somewhat less than that of the casing so as to. provide a space between the front end of the egg tray and thefgl'ass front, that is suciently large to permit the newly hatched chicks, as they creep out of the egg tray to drop down between the said tray and the glass front and `into the nursery drawer which is under the egg tray. In practice, the nursery drawer rests about one-half of an inch above the bottom of the incubator toleave an air s ace below the said nursery drawer and the Ibottom of the said nursery drawer is slatted and covered with burlap or any other material. l l The Ventilating hole 28 in the` incubator bottom has a ulating the size of the sai hole 28to provide for the proper ventilation of the egg chamber and nursery, it being understood that as the warm air spreads out over the egg tray and gradually passes below it the poisonous gases from the incubating eggs pass olf through the said aperture 28. 11 designates a pipe that passes through the opening 8 and connects the heating space 9 with the heating chamber 10, the latter sheet metal diaphragm 27 that separates the egg and hot air chambers and by means of its radiation maintains the desired heating of the said egg chamber.

Coperating with the openings 8 and 12 is a slide plate 6 that has apertures 60 and 62 arranged to coact with the openings 8 and 12, and the said plate is connected to a lexif ble hanger 61 suspended from the end of the regulating lever.

26 designates a counterbalance adjustably mounted on the outer end of the lever 1.

From the foregoin taken in connection with `the drawings, t tion and the advantages of in invention will be'readily understood by t ose skilled in the art to which it relates. .By reason of adjacent pivoted valve late 28a for reg- I e complete c'ons'trucl the construction described, the operationfof maintaining the uniform and desired temperature as also properly Ventilating the ink cubator is readily provided for.'l

In the practical operation of my invention, the cold air enters the chamber `13 and thence, in a warmed state, passes out into the air space 14 and from thence into the incu- .bating or egg heating chamber. The products of combustion from the lamp pass through the pipell into a hot air chamber that has the metal diaphragm which forms the top of the heating chamber and by its radiated heat brings and holdsy the temperature in the hatching chamber to and at the desired degree, the smoke passing ofi-` through theoutlet 22. N ow should the temperature within the incubating chamber rise above the predetermined point, the thermostatic action will cause the regulating lever to lift the slide plate 6 and the valve 5' over the vent 21, thereby vcutting olf the openings 8 and 1,2 to the space 14 and at the saine time permitting the combustion heat from the lamp to ass out through tlie vent 21.v As one end o the lever rises, as stated, the other end falls to allow the valve 5 attached thereto to drop down onto and close the outlet 22 from the heating chamber 10 and thereby retain the heat within the said chamber, it being manifest that as the heat drops within the said chamber below the desired or predetermined point, the thermostatic action causes the lever 1 to swing in an opposite direction and in consequence reestablish communication between the air warming and feeding means and between the chamber l0 and the heater chamber 9.

81 designates an 'insulation lining that extends entirely around the sides, top and bottom of the air space 14 and the s'aid insulation' is preferably in the nature of corrugated paper, a similar insulation also coverin the bottom and top walls of the incu ating'chamber. 110

. 82 designates a heat spreader or distributer which is also preferably of corrugated paper mounted on a frame 83 that projects inwardly from the lamp and of the incubeting chamber toward the thermostat near which it ends. By providing a spreader arranged las shown, a partit-ion is provided which not alone acts as a shield for the eggs in that end of the tray next to the lamp, ut also delects the heat toward the cooler end and distributes the same over the said cooler end of the tray, and thereby equalizing exactly the temperature in the two ends of the egg chamber. The door is' held closed by turn buttons and is provided with a suitable finger hold.

What I claim is 1.. In an incubator, the combination -with an egg chamber, a hot air chamber within the said egg chamber, said hot air chamber v latingY lever connected With the several` valves and adapted to simultaneously close off the fresh air inlet, tle hot air oftake and the Waste heat outlet, and to open the outlet from the hot air chamber.

2. In an incubator; a hot air chamber located in the egg chamber thereof, said chamber having inlets, a main fresh air inlet port common to all of the inlets for the egg chamber, a hot air supply pipe that extends.

into the hot air chamber, said hot air chamber having a discharge iftake, a Waste heat outlet in communication Wit-h the 'hot air 'supply pipe, a valve for the said Waste heat outlet, a valve for controlling the supply pipe to the hot air chamber, arid the main fresh air inlet, and a thermostatic controllin lever connected With the several valves an,l adapted for closing the hot air and cold airA inlets. and simultaneously opening thel oiftake from the hot air chamber.

3. In an incubator; a hot air chamber located in the egg chamber, said hot air chamber having ya supply pipe at one end and an exit pipe at the other end, a Waste heat outlet in communication With the supply pipea valve for the waste heat outlet, a valve for the exit pipe of the hot air chamber, al thermostatic controlling lever connected With the valves adapted for alternately-moving the Waste heat outlet valve to its closing position as it moves the valve for the exit pipe f'or the hot air chamber to the open position, and another' means for simultaneously closing oif the hot air supply pipe and the fresh air supply to the hot air chamber, and the egg chamber respectively, as the valve for the hot air chamber exit pipe isopened.

4. In an incubator; the combination with an egg chamber, a hot air chamber Within the upper part of the said egg chamber, said hot air chamber having a supply pipe and an exit pipe, said supply pipe'having a Waste heat escape, of a rockably mounted t-hermostatic regulating lever arranged to be simultaneously and oppositely moved to open and close the supply and exit for the hot air chamber, and a supplemental means coperatively connected with the said regulating lever for simultan ously closing off the fresh air feed to the egg chamber as the hot air supply is cut o to the hot air chamber.

LOGAN W. EVERHART. Witnesses:

GEO. W. EVERHART, WM. Romanos. 

